What are substances that protect the body against free radicals called?

Substances that protect the body against free radicals are known as antioxidants. Free radicals are unstable molecules that can cause oxidative damage to cells, proteins, and DNA, contributing to various diseases and aging. Antioxidants neutralize these free radicals by donating electrons, thereby stabilizing them and preventing cellular damage.

Antioxidants include vitamins such as vitamin C and E, as well as other compounds like flavonoids and polyphenols, all of which play a crucial role in maintaining the body's health by combating oxidative stress. This protective action is vital for reducing the risk of chronic conditions and improving overall wellness. In contrast, while vitamins, proteins, and amino acids serve essential functions in the body, their roles do not primarily center on the neutralization of free radicals in the same way that antioxidants do.