What type of hypertrophy relates to an increase in the noncontractile element of muscle?

Sarcoplasmic hypertrophy refers to an increase in the volume of the sarcoplasm, which is the noncontractile component of muscle fibers. This type of hypertrophy focuses on the expansion of the extracellular fluid and the storage of energy substrates, such as glycogen, rather than on increasing the size of the muscle fibers themselves.

In contrast, myofibrillar hypertrophy involves an increase in the contractile component of muscle, primarily consisting of myofibrils, which are the structures responsible for muscle contraction. Sarcomere hypertrophy is a term that can be loosely associated with the arrangement and addition of sarcomeres, the basic contractile units of muscle fibers, leading to thicker and stronger muscle fibers. Functional hypertrophy usually refers to changes that enhance the functional capacity of a muscle rather than strictly its size.

Sarcoplasmic hypertrophy is particularly relevant for athletes focused on increasing muscular endurance, as it enhances the ability of the muscle to store and utilize energy efficiently during prolonged activities. Understanding these distinctions allows bodybuilders and athletes to tailor their training programs based on their goals, whether that be strength, endurance, or muscle size.